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	<title type="text">Panoply - Carbonates</title>
	<subtitle type="text">PANOPLY met à la disposition de la communauté scientifique académique et industrielle l'éventail des ressources de hautes technologies du Plateau de Saclay dans le domaine des sciences de la Terre, du Climat et de l’environnement.</subtitle>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr"/>
	<id>https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/samples/carbonates</id>
	<updated>2026-06-19T16:51:13+00:00</updated>
	<author>
		<name>Panoply</name>
		<email>nada.caud@lsce.ipsl.fr</email>
	</author>
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	<entry>
		<title>Analyzes of major cations and metallic elements concentrations in water and sediments or rocks</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/128-record-10-analyzes-of-major-cations-concentrations-ca,-mg,-na-et-k-and-metallic-elements-in-waters-and-sediments"/>
		<published>2015-12-15T08:32:01+00:00</published>
		<updated>2015-12-15T08:32:01+00:00</updated>
		<id>https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/128-record-10-analyzes-of-major-cations-concentrations-ca,-mg,-na-et-k-and-metallic-elements-in-waters-and-sediments</id>
		<author>
			<name>cyril lemaire</name>
		</author>
		<summary type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; color: #003366; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Agilent Technologies AAS 240 FS and GTA 120&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Flame or Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometer to analyze cation concentrations (Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Pt, Sb, Sn, Sr, Zn)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/figure_10.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;figure 10&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Description of the instrument&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;The Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (Agilent Technologies AAS 240 FS and GTA 120) can measure the concentrations of many elements. Depending on the concentrations of the solutions, it can be used in flame mode or in graphite furnace mode. It is equipped with automatic diluters (flame/oven) and autosamplers (flame/oven).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Principle of analysis&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;A liquid sample is injected as a mist into a flame (in flame mode) or a drop is placed in a graphite furnace (in graphite furnace mode). The heat vaporizes the elements contained in the sample and excites their atoms. These disrupt a light signal by reducing its intensity (absorption) or by emitting photons (emission). The light emitted by a hollow cathode lamp(s) or by the electrons of the excited atoms is sent via a set of mirrors and a crystal lattice to a detector which performs an optical measurement of the signal compared to a signal of undisturbed reference. The difference in light intensity is proportional to the concentration of the element in the solution. Calibration is done by injecting a standard solution to obtain the appropriate range. See principle of measurement here:&lt;strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://spin.mines-stetienne.fr/sites/default/files/specatom.pdf&quot;&gt;http://spin.mines-stetienne.fr/sites/default/files/specatom.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Analyzes carried out on the instrument&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Major cations (Ca, Mg, Na and K) between 0.05 and 100 ppm in flame with an accuracy of +/- 5%;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Metals (Al, As, Ba, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Pt, Sb, Sn, Sr, Zn) between 0.01 and 1000 ppm in flame depending on the elements and a few tens of ppt to a few tens of ppb in graphite furnace mode for some elements with an accuracy of +/- 5%;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Only liquid solutions (filtered and acidified) are analyzed but it is possible to measure solutions of acid attack on rocks, sediments or other solid samples.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contacts&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Gaël Monvoisin&amp;nbsp;: + 33 (0)1.69.15.71.74 / &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:gael.monvoisin@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;gael.monvoisin@universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Fundings&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;CNRS – INSU / University Paris-Sud : AAS flame Year 2010 – AAS graphite furnace Year 2012&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/CNRS.png&quot; alt=&quot;CNRS&quot; width=&quot;100&quot; height=&quot;100&quot; /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/UPS.png&quot; alt=&quot;UPS&quot; width=&quot;171&quot; height=&quot;100&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
		<content type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; color: #003366; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Agilent Technologies AAS 240 FS and GTA 120&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Flame or Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometer to analyze cation concentrations (Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Pt, Sb, Sn, Sr, Zn)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/figure_10.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;figure 10&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Description of the instrument&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;The Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (Agilent Technologies AAS 240 FS and GTA 120) can measure the concentrations of many elements. Depending on the concentrations of the solutions, it can be used in flame mode or in graphite furnace mode. It is equipped with automatic diluters (flame/oven) and autosamplers (flame/oven).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Principle of analysis&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;A liquid sample is injected as a mist into a flame (in flame mode) or a drop is placed in a graphite furnace (in graphite furnace mode). The heat vaporizes the elements contained in the sample and excites their atoms. These disrupt a light signal by reducing its intensity (absorption) or by emitting photons (emission). The light emitted by a hollow cathode lamp(s) or by the electrons of the excited atoms is sent via a set of mirrors and a crystal lattice to a detector which performs an optical measurement of the signal compared to a signal of undisturbed reference. The difference in light intensity is proportional to the concentration of the element in the solution. Calibration is done by injecting a standard solution to obtain the appropriate range. See principle of measurement here:&lt;strong&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://spin.mines-stetienne.fr/sites/default/files/specatom.pdf&quot;&gt;http://spin.mines-stetienne.fr/sites/default/files/specatom.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Analyzes carried out on the instrument&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Major cations (Ca, Mg, Na and K) between 0.05 and 100 ppm in flame with an accuracy of +/- 5%;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Metals (Al, As, Ba, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Pt, Sb, Sn, Sr, Zn) between 0.01 and 1000 ppm in flame depending on the elements and a few tens of ppt to a few tens of ppb in graphite furnace mode for some elements with an accuracy of +/- 5%;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Only liquid solutions (filtered and acidified) are analyzed but it is possible to measure solutions of acid attack on rocks, sediments or other solid samples.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contacts&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Gaël Monvoisin&amp;nbsp;: + 33 (0)1.69.15.71.74 / &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:gael.monvoisin@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;gael.monvoisin@universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Fundings&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;CNRS – INSU / University Paris-Sud : AAS flame Year 2010 – AAS graphite furnace Year 2012&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/CNRS.png&quot; alt=&quot;CNRS&quot; width=&quot;100&quot; height=&quot;100&quot; /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/UPS.png&quot; alt=&quot;UPS&quot; width=&quot;171&quot; height=&quot;100&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</content>
		<category term="Analyzes of major cations and metallic elements concentrations in water and sediments or rocks" />
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Δ47 Analyses on carbonate matrix</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/148-record-13-%CE%B447-analyses-on-carbonate-matrix"/>
		<published>2015-10-27T08:10:10+00:00</published>
		<updated>2015-10-27T08:10:10+00:00</updated>
		<id>https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/148-record-13-%CE%B447-analyses-on-carbonate-matrix</id>
		<author>
			<name>cyril lemaire</name>
		</author>
		<summary type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.42cm; line-height: 100%; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri,serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #003366;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;IRMS ISOPRIME 100 mass spectrometer&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/figure12.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;figure12&quot; width=&quot;369&quot; height=&quot;277&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;Device description:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;The IRMS ISOPRIME 100 mass spectrometer is coupled to an extraction line specific to this type of analysis. The equipment was installed in 2012. This spectrometer is a Dual Inlet one. It is dedicated to the analysis of the clumped isotopes (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol,serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;47) of the (bio) carbonates and in particular of the foraminifers and the speleothems The precisions are of the order of 10ppm on the measurement of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol,serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;47. The amount of material needed for a measurement is in the range of 1-3 milligrams.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Principle of analysis:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;a&gt;http://daeron.fr/wiki/doku.php?id=papers#theory_methods_and_calibration&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Analyzes carried out on the instrument&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;Measurement of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt; 47 on carbonate matrix.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Contacts:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Mr. Daëron: &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:mathieu.daeron@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;mathieu.daeron[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;</summary>
		<content type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.42cm; line-height: 100%; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri,serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #003366;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;IRMS ISOPRIME 100 mass spectrometer&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/figure12.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;figure12&quot; width=&quot;369&quot; height=&quot;277&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;Device description:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;The IRMS ISOPRIME 100 mass spectrometer is coupled to an extraction line specific to this type of analysis. The equipment was installed in 2012. This spectrometer is a Dual Inlet one. It is dedicated to the analysis of the clumped isotopes (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol,serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;47) of the (bio) carbonates and in particular of the foraminifers and the speleothems The precisions are of the order of 10ppm on the measurement of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol,serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;47. The amount of material needed for a measurement is in the range of 1-3 milligrams.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Principle of analysis:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;a&gt;http://daeron.fr/wiki/doku.php?id=papers#theory_methods_and_calibration&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Analyzes carried out on the instrument&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;Measurement of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Symbol, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt; 47 on carbonate matrix.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Contacts:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Mr. Daëron: &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:mathieu.daeron@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;mathieu.daeron[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;</content>
		<category term="Δ47 Analyses on carbonate matrix" />
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>δ18O and δ13C analyses of carbonates (15-50 micrograms)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/130-record-15-18o-and-13c-analyses-in-carbonates-15-50-micrograms"/>
		<published>2015-10-27T08:13:44+00:00</published>
		<updated>2015-10-27T08:13:44+00:00</updated>
		<id>https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/130-record-15-18o-and-13c-analyses-in-carbonates-15-50-micrograms</id>
		<author>
			<name>cyril lemaire</name>
		</author>
		<summary type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri,serif; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Mass spectrometer IRMS ISOPRIME 100&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/Isoprime_100_20210827_120613-reduit.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;figure14&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; height=&quot;375&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description of instrument:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;The mass spectrometer IRMS ISOPRIME 100 is coupled to an extraction line. The equipment was installed in 2014. This spectrometer is a Dual Inlet one. It is dedicated to the analysis of (bio) carbonates and in particular benthic and planktonic foraminiferaes. The precisions are of the order of 0.08 and 0.05 respectively for oxygen and carbon. The amount of material needed for a single measurement is in the order of 15-200 micrograms. The specificity of this spectrometer is the possibility of measuring a single foraminifer (15 micrograms).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;Principle of analysis:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope-ratio_mass_spectrometry&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope-ratio_mass_spectrometry&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Analysis carried out on the instrument:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;Isotopic analysis of carbonates, carbon and oxygen stable isotopes.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Contacts:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; D. Blamart: &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:dominique.blamart@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;dominique.blamart[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; P. Richard: &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:patricia.richard@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;patricia.richard[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
		<content type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri,serif; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Mass spectrometer IRMS ISOPRIME 100&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/Isoprime_100_20210827_120613-reduit.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;figure14&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; height=&quot;375&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description of instrument:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;The mass spectrometer IRMS ISOPRIME 100 is coupled to an extraction line. The equipment was installed in 2014. This spectrometer is a Dual Inlet one. It is dedicated to the analysis of (bio) carbonates and in particular benthic and planktonic foraminiferaes. The precisions are of the order of 0.08 and 0.05 respectively for oxygen and carbon. The amount of material needed for a single measurement is in the order of 15-200 micrograms. The specificity of this spectrometer is the possibility of measuring a single foraminifer (15 micrograms).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;Principle of analysis:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope-ratio_mass_spectrometry&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope-ratio_mass_spectrometry&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Analysis carried out on the instrument:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;Isotopic analysis of carbonates, carbon and oxygen stable isotopes.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Contacts:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; D. Blamart: &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:dominique.blamart@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;dominique.blamart[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; P. Richard: &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:patricia.richard@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;patricia.richard[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content>
		<category term="δ18O and δ13C analyses of carbonates (15-50 micrograms)" />
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>δ18O and δ13C analyses in carbonates</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/122-record-16-d18o-and-d13c-analyses-in-carbonates"/>
		<published>2015-10-27T08:37:52+00:00</published>
		<updated>2015-10-27T08:37:52+00:00</updated>
		<id>https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/122-record-16-d18o-and-d13c-analyses-in-carbonates</id>
		<author>
			<name>cyril lemaire</name>
		</author>
		<summary type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.42cm; line-height: 100%; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri,serif; color: #003366;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;IRMS GV ISOPRIME&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/Isoprime_GV_20210827_120613-reduit.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;figure15&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; height=&quot;375&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description of instrument:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;The GV ISOPRIME mass spectrometer is coupled to a extraction line. It was installed in 2006. This spectrometer is a Dual Inlet type spectrometer. It is dedicated to the analysis of (bio) carbonates : benthic and planktonic foraminiferae, carbonate powder (speleothems for example). The precisions are in the order of 0.08 and 0.05 respectively for oxygen and carbon. The amount of material required for a measurement is in the range of 40-100 micrograms.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Principle of analysis:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope-ratio_mass_spectrometry&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope-ratio_mass_spectrometry&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Analyzes carried out on the instrument:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Isotopic analysis of carbonates, carbon and oxygen stable isotopes.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Contacts:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; D. Blamart: &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:dominique.blamart@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;dominique.blamart[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; P. Richard: &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:patricia.richard@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;patricia.richard[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
		<content type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.42cm; line-height: 100%; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri,serif; color: #003366;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;IRMS GV ISOPRIME&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/Isoprime_GV_20210827_120613-reduit.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;figure15&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; height=&quot;375&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description of instrument:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;The GV ISOPRIME mass spectrometer is coupled to a extraction line. It was installed in 2006. This spectrometer is a Dual Inlet type spectrometer. It is dedicated to the analysis of (bio) carbonates : benthic and planktonic foraminiferae, carbonate powder (speleothems for example). The precisions are in the order of 0.08 and 0.05 respectively for oxygen and carbon. The amount of material required for a measurement is in the range of 40-100 micrograms.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Principle of analysis:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope-ratio_mass_spectrometry&quot;&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope-ratio_mass_spectrometry&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Analyzes carried out on the instrument:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Isotopic analysis of carbonates, carbon and oxygen stable isotopes.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Contacts:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; D. Blamart: &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:dominique.blamart@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;dominique.blamart[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; P. Richard: &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:patricia.richard@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;patricia.richard[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</content>
		<category term="δ18O and δ13C analyses in carbonates" />
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Isotopic analysis of U, Th, Pa, Pb, Ac, Ra, Sr, Nd, B and Li in various natural or archeological materials (carbonates, apatite, waters, sediments)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/123-record-24-isotopic-analysis-of-u,-th,-pa,-ra,-sr,-nd,-pb,-b-and-li-in-various-natural-or-archeological-materials-carbonates,-apatite,-waters,-sediments"/>
		<published>2015-10-27T12:16:16+00:00</published>
		<updated>2015-10-27T12:16:16+00:00</updated>
		<id>https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/123-record-24-isotopic-analysis-of-u,-th,-pa,-ra,-sr,-nd,-pb,-b-and-li-in-various-natural-or-archeological-materials-carbonates,-apatite,-waters,-sediments</id>
		<author>
			<name>cyril lemaire</name>
		</author>
		<summary type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; color: #003366;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Multi-Collector - Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; color: #003366;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;MC-ICPMS Neptune&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;Plus&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Thermofisher Scientific&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;width: 754px; height: 355px;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/figure_23a.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;figure 23a&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/figure_23b.png&quot; alt=&quot;figure 23b&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Cambria;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Cambria', 'serif'; font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;MC-ICPMS Neptune &lt;sup&gt;Plus &lt;/sup&gt; (2010) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Cambria;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;Laser ESI –NWR 193 nm (2011)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1a1a1a; font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Characteristics of Instrumentation:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;The MC-ICPMS Neptune&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Plus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; is a mass spectrometer (MS) with a source of Argon plasma (ICP), a dual focusing (electrostatic field + magnetic field) and a multi-collection (MC). This mass spectrometer allows the precise measurement of stable, radiogenic or radioactive isotopes for many chemical elements of the Periodic Table in natural archives (waters, carbonates, apatites, sediments, soils, rocks, etc.). The high ionization efficiency of the Plasma source gives it a great sensitivity. Its dual focusing ensures good transmission of the ion beam and offers us the ability to work at low, medium or high resolution (suppression of some isobaric interferences). Finally, the high stability of multi-collection provides an excellent analytical accuracy on isotopic ratios (external reproducibility ranging from a few tens of ppm to sub- ‰). Another advantage is that the plasma source, opened to the atmosphere, allows us to introduce and analyze samples in liquid form after chemistry (micro-nebulizers, desolvating systems) or directly on solids (Ablation Laser coupling). Main fields of application are geochronology (U-Th dating), marine geochemistry and paleoceanography (Pa, Th, U, Ra, Nd isotopes), carbon cycle in ocean and the impact of ocean acidification (B, Th, Si isotopes), isotopic characterization of volcanic or sedimentary rocks or some developments in archeology (Nd, Sr, Pb or even Cu, Zn, Fe Isotopes).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.42cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Principle of Measurement:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;In solution, the sample is aspirated and injected by a spray nebulizer into a &quot;Plasma&quot; source of argon at 6000-8000°K and atmospheric pressure. At this high temperature, the elements are ionized. Transferred by an interface (sampler and skimmer cones), the ions are accelerated under primary and then secondary vacuum to form an ion beam with a final energy of up to 10 keV. The beam is filtered in energy (electrostatic sector), then in mass (magnetic sector) according to the ratio m/z. The isotopes are detected by a multi-collector system with 15&amp;nbsp;detectors (9 Faraday cages, 1 SEM and 5 CDD). The isotopes and ratios are then measured and calculated at high precision simultaneously on several detectors. Obtained external reproducibilities are of a few tens of ppm for the isotopes of Sr, Nd, from 0.05 to a few 0.1 ‰ for Li, B isotopes or of the order of 1 ‰ for systems with low isotopic ratios (U and Th isotopes). The central cage ion beam can switch over to the central ion counter (SEM) if the signal is too low, making it possible, for example, to measure the isotopes &lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;230&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Th and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;234&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;U, isotopes essential for U-Th dating. For few isotopic systems (Si, Fe or more generally transition metals), measurements are carried out in medium or high resolution in order to separate the analyzed isotopes from potential isobaric interferences. In such configuration, signal intensity is decreased but resolving power can be increased by 10-fold.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;MC-ICPMS isotopic measurements are relative and require laboratory or international standards or reference materials whose isotopic values ​​are known and / or certified (NIST). The “bracketing” protocol is generally used to characterize precisely the isotopic composition of a studied element and to take into account the instrumental drifts. It is possible to introduce into the plasma source solutions previously purified in a clean room but also a flow of helium gas which entails aerosols. Thus, isotopic measurements of some elements such as Sr, B or U in carbonates are performed after coupling with the laser ablation system Excimer NWR193 nm.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Others &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;information&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Nebulizers PFA 20, 50 ou 100 µL/min &amp;amp; micro-cyclonic&amp;nbsp;chamber (solutions)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Desolvating inlet system APEX Omega and Omega HF &amp;amp; ARIDUS II + QuickWash (2 to 10 -fold sensitivity increase, solutions)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Jet-Interface installed in 2014 (reinforced sensitivity: from 2 to 5-fold, solutions)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Ablation laser Excimer ESI – NWR 193 nm (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;in-situ analysis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;, aerosols from solid materials)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h4 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.42cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1a1a1a; font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Isotopic measurements performed by MC-ICPMS:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Solutions &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;(after chemistry)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;U, Th, Pa, Ra: U-series Geochronology, marine or continental Geochemistry ; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Sr, Nd and recently Pb for various natural materials: source determination, erosion, ocean circulation and dynamics, archeological studies ;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;B and Li for carbonates or waters: paleo-pH and ocean acidification (carbon cycle), marine biogeochemistry ;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Other systems: Si, Fe, Cu, Zn, etc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Solid matrix per Ablation laser &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;(development in progress) &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;B (&lt;/span&gt;δ&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;B), of Sr (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;87&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Sr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;86&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Sr) and U (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;δ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;234&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;U) in carbonates or silicates.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;en-US&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Contacts:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Instrumental responsible&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Arnaud Dapoigny &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:arnaud.dapoigny@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;arnaud.dapoigny[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt; 01 69 08 04 70&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Main Scientist responsible &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Dr Eric Douville (B, Li, Sr) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;cloakc3866b9dcbe126c5e1b2f8c5274499e6&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:eric.douville@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;eric.douville[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; 01 69 08 22 57&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;en-US&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;Other GEOPS-LSCE scientists involved:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Dr Christophe Colin (Nd, Sr), Dr Edwige Pons-Branchu (U, Th, Ra, Sr, Pb), Claire Rollion-Bard &amp;amp; François Thil (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Laser&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;), William Gray (B), Damien Guinoiseau (Pb)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
		<content type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; color: #003366;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Multi-Collector - Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; color: #003366;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;MC-ICPMS Neptune&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;Plus&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Thermofisher Scientific&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;width: 754px; height: 355px;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/figure_23a.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;figure 23a&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/figure_23b.png&quot; alt=&quot;figure 23b&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Cambria;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Cambria', 'serif'; font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;MC-ICPMS Neptune &lt;sup&gt;Plus &lt;/sup&gt; (2010) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Cambria;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic;&quot;&gt;Laser ESI –NWR 193 nm (2011)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1a1a1a; font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Characteristics of Instrumentation:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;The MC-ICPMS Neptune&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Plus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; is a mass spectrometer (MS) with a source of Argon plasma (ICP), a dual focusing (electrostatic field + magnetic field) and a multi-collection (MC). This mass spectrometer allows the precise measurement of stable, radiogenic or radioactive isotopes for many chemical elements of the Periodic Table in natural archives (waters, carbonates, apatites, sediments, soils, rocks, etc.). The high ionization efficiency of the Plasma source gives it a great sensitivity. Its dual focusing ensures good transmission of the ion beam and offers us the ability to work at low, medium or high resolution (suppression of some isobaric interferences). Finally, the high stability of multi-collection provides an excellent analytical accuracy on isotopic ratios (external reproducibility ranging from a few tens of ppm to sub- ‰). Another advantage is that the plasma source, opened to the atmosphere, allows us to introduce and analyze samples in liquid form after chemistry (micro-nebulizers, desolvating systems) or directly on solids (Ablation Laser coupling). Main fields of application are geochronology (U-Th dating), marine geochemistry and paleoceanography (Pa, Th, U, Ra, Nd isotopes), carbon cycle in ocean and the impact of ocean acidification (B, Th, Si isotopes), isotopic characterization of volcanic or sedimentary rocks or some developments in archeology (Nd, Sr, Pb or even Cu, Zn, Fe Isotopes).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.42cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Principle of Measurement:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;In solution, the sample is aspirated and injected by a spray nebulizer into a &quot;Plasma&quot; source of argon at 6000-8000°K and atmospheric pressure. At this high temperature, the elements are ionized. Transferred by an interface (sampler and skimmer cones), the ions are accelerated under primary and then secondary vacuum to form an ion beam with a final energy of up to 10 keV. The beam is filtered in energy (electrostatic sector), then in mass (magnetic sector) according to the ratio m/z. The isotopes are detected by a multi-collector system with 15&amp;nbsp;detectors (9 Faraday cages, 1 SEM and 5 CDD). The isotopes and ratios are then measured and calculated at high precision simultaneously on several detectors. Obtained external reproducibilities are of a few tens of ppm for the isotopes of Sr, Nd, from 0.05 to a few 0.1 ‰ for Li, B isotopes or of the order of 1 ‰ for systems with low isotopic ratios (U and Th isotopes). The central cage ion beam can switch over to the central ion counter (SEM) if the signal is too low, making it possible, for example, to measure the isotopes &lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;230&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Th and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;234&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;U, isotopes essential for U-Th dating. For few isotopic systems (Si, Fe or more generally transition metals), measurements are carried out in medium or high resolution in order to separate the analyzed isotopes from potential isobaric interferences. In such configuration, signal intensity is decreased but resolving power can be increased by 10-fold.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;MC-ICPMS isotopic measurements are relative and require laboratory or international standards or reference materials whose isotopic values ​​are known and / or certified (NIST). The “bracketing” protocol is generally used to characterize precisely the isotopic composition of a studied element and to take into account the instrumental drifts. It is possible to introduce into the plasma source solutions previously purified in a clean room but also a flow of helium gas which entails aerosols. Thus, isotopic measurements of some elements such as Sr, B or U in carbonates are performed after coupling with the laser ablation system Excimer NWR193 nm.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Others &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;information&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Nebulizers PFA 20, 50 ou 100 µL/min &amp;amp; micro-cyclonic&amp;nbsp;chamber (solutions)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Desolvating inlet system APEX Omega and Omega HF &amp;amp; ARIDUS II + QuickWash (2 to 10 -fold sensitivity increase, solutions)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Jet-Interface installed in 2014 (reinforced sensitivity: from 2 to 5-fold, solutions)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Ablation laser Excimer ESI – NWR 193 nm (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;in-situ analysis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;, aerosols from solid materials)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h4 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.42cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1a1a1a; font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Isotopic measurements performed by MC-ICPMS:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Solutions &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;(after chemistry)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;U, Th, Pa, Ra: U-series Geochronology, marine or continental Geochemistry ; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Sr, Nd and recently Pb for various natural materials: source determination, erosion, ocean circulation and dynamics, archeological studies ;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;B and Li for carbonates or waters: paleo-pH and ocean acidification (carbon cycle), marine biogeochemistry ;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Other systems: Si, Fe, Cu, Zn, etc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Solid matrix per Ablation laser &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;(development in progress) &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;B (&lt;/span&gt;δ&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;B), of Sr (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;87&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Sr/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;86&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Sr) and U (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;δ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;234&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;U) in carbonates or silicates.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;en-US&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Contacts:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Instrumental responsible&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Arnaud Dapoigny &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:arnaud.dapoigny@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;arnaud.dapoigny[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt; 01 69 08 04 70&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Main Scientist responsible &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Dr Eric Douville (B, Li, Sr) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;cloakc3866b9dcbe126c5e1b2f8c5274499e6&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:eric.douville@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;eric.douville[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; 01 69 08 22 57&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;en-US&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;Other GEOPS-LSCE scientists involved:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Dr Christophe Colin (Nd, Sr), Dr Edwige Pons-Branchu (U, Th, Ra, Sr, Pb), Claire Rollion-Bard &amp;amp; François Thil (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Laser&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;), William Gray (B), Damien Guinoiseau (Pb)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content>
		<category term="Isotopic analysis of U, Th, Pa, Pb, Ac, Ra, Sr, Nd, B and Li in various natural or archeological materials (carbonates, apatite, waters, sediments)" />
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Quantitative analysis of major and trace elements in various materials (waters, carbonates, sediments, rocks, etc). Pb isotope measurements and U / Th dating (carbonates-apatites)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/109-record-25-quantitative-analysis-of-major-and-trace-elements-in-various-materials-waters,-carbonates,-sediments,-rocks,-etc-pb-isotope-measurements-and-u-th-dating-carbonates-apatites"/>
		<published>2015-12-07T08:50:24+00:00</published>
		<updated>2015-12-07T08:50:24+00:00</updated>
		<id>https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/109-record-25-quantitative-analysis-of-major-and-trace-elements-in-various-materials-waters,-carbonates,-sediments,-rocks,-etc-pb-isotope-measurements-and-u-th-dating-carbonates-apatites</id>
		<author>
			<name>cyril lemaire</name>
		</author>
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&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-pagination: none; mso-outline-level: 1; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1a1a1a; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Characteristics of Instrumentation:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;The Inductively Coupled Plasma – Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer (ICP-QMS) X-series II CCT Thermo Fisher Scientific is dedicated to quantitative multi-element analysis. This instrument allows rapid (~ minute), precise (~ percent) and quasi-simultaneous determination of the content of many chemical elements of the Periodic Table from the majors to those present in trace amounts in natural samples (freshwater, seawater, plants, soils, carbonates, apatites, rocks, etc.) or for any other type of materials or solutions. In its basic configuration, this mass spectrometer offers detection limits lower than &lt;/span&gt;μ&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;g / L (ppb) for many elements in solution and can reach several 100 pg / L (ppq) for heavy elements such as Rare Earth Elements or Uranium. Two options improve its performance: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;i-&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; the CCT collision cell eliminates polyatomic interferences, typically for elementary analysis with atomic mass between 40 and 80 (transition metals, metalloids such as As, Se) ; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;ii-&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; an additional pumping called “option S” at the interface lowering the detection limit for some heavy elements (uranium) to a few pg / L. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Three major application domains are currently being developed at the LSCE: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;i-&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; elementary or isotopic (Pb) characterization of samples dissolved in solution to trace erosion processes, study of particle mobility as well as determine their origins, and quantitatively monitor the dissemination of some heavy or toxic metals in the environment, particularly in urban environments ; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;ii-&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; elementary characterization of marine or continental carbonates/apatite archives (corals, foraminifera, speleothems, teeth, etc.) for paleoceanography, climatology or archeological studies (marine geochemistry, ocean temperature, carbon cycle and ocean acidification, precipitation, etc.) ; and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;iii-&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; U-series Geochronology and U-Th dating of carbonates (corals) or apatites (teeth).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.42cm; line-height: 100%; orphans: 0; widows: 0;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Principle of Measurement:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;The principle is based on dissociation of molecules, atomization and ionization of the elements present in a solution and injected into a &quot;Plasma&quot; source of argon at 6000-8000 °K and atmospheric pressure. After the formation of an ion beam via the interface (sampler and skimmer cones) during a progressive transition to a secondary vacuum, a Quadrupole separates the isotopes or ions at low resolution according the m/z ratio. The ions/isotopes are then detected by a discrete-dynode electron multiplier. The precise quantification of the contents of major and / or trace elements is obtained after calibration of the instrumentation (standard solutions known or certified). Depending on the matrix or nature of the samples analyzed, the elements studied and the degree of precision sought, different calibration methods are used (standard calibration curves, standard addition or matrix&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt; recomposition&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; methods, “bracketing” approach).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;Other informations &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Nebulizers&amp;nbsp;: PFA 20, 50 or 100 µL/min&amp;nbsp;; quartz 1 mL/mn (solutions);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Quartz micro-cyclonic spray chamber or conic chamber with impact bead (solutions);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Desolvating systems APEX HF (2 à 10-fold more sensitive, solutions)&amp;nbsp;;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Ablation laser Excimer ESI – NWR 193 nm (in-situ analysis, aerosols from solid materials).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.42cm; line-height: 100%; orphans: 0; widows: 0;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1a1a1a; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Measurements performed by ICP-QMS:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Quantification of major and/or trace elements in waters, soils, rocks, carbonates (erosion / transfer of particles) ;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Relative measurement of Pb isotopes (source tracing) ;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Quantification of majors (Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca) and trace elements (Li/Mg; B/Ca; Ba/Ca, U/Ca, REE, etc.) present in carbonates like corals or speleothems (paleoceanography / climatology / carbon cycle) ;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Quantification of rare earths and other elements present as ultra-traces in seawater or sediments (characterization of materials or processes) ;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Relative measurement of U and Th isotopes for U-Th dating of corals, speleothems, teeth.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Contacts:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Delphine Thomas : &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:delphine.thomas@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;delphine.thomas[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:Louise.Bordier@lsce.ipsl.xn--fr-qia&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 01 69 08 33 77&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Sophie Ayrault : &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:sophie.ayrault@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;sophie.ayrault[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:Sophie.Ayrault@lsce.ipsl.xn--fr-qia&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 01 69 08 40 71&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Eric Douville : &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:eric.douville@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;eric.douville[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:Eric.Douville@lsce.ipsl.xn--fr-qia&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 01 69 08 22 57&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
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&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #003366; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri,serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Inductively Coupled Plasma – Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer - ICP-QMS X-series&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri,serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;II&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri,serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: medium;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; CCT&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/ICP-TQMS.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;ICP TQMS&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; height=&quot;248&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-pagination: none; mso-outline-level: 1; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot; align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1a1a1a; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Characteristics of Instrumentation:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;The Inductively Coupled Plasma – Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer (ICP-QMS) X-series II CCT Thermo Fisher Scientific is dedicated to quantitative multi-element analysis. This instrument allows rapid (~ minute), precise (~ percent) and quasi-simultaneous determination of the content of many chemical elements of the Periodic Table from the majors to those present in trace amounts in natural samples (freshwater, seawater, plants, soils, carbonates, apatites, rocks, etc.) or for any other type of materials or solutions. In its basic configuration, this mass spectrometer offers detection limits lower than &lt;/span&gt;μ&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;g / L (ppb) for many elements in solution and can reach several 100 pg / L (ppq) for heavy elements such as Rare Earth Elements or Uranium. Two options improve its performance: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;i-&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; the CCT collision cell eliminates polyatomic interferences, typically for elementary analysis with atomic mass between 40 and 80 (transition metals, metalloids such as As, Se) ; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;ii-&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; an additional pumping called “option S” at the interface lowering the detection limit for some heavy elements (uranium) to a few pg / L. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Three major application domains are currently being developed at the LSCE: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;i-&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; elementary or isotopic (Pb) characterization of samples dissolved in solution to trace erosion processes, study of particle mobility as well as determine their origins, and quantitatively monitor the dissemination of some heavy or toxic metals in the environment, particularly in urban environments ; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;ii-&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; elementary characterization of marine or continental carbonates/apatite archives (corals, foraminifera, speleothems, teeth, etc.) for paleoceanography, climatology or archeological studies (marine geochemistry, ocean temperature, carbon cycle and ocean acidification, precipitation, etc.) ; and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;iii-&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; U-series Geochronology and U-Th dating of carbonates (corals) or apatites (teeth).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.42cm; line-height: 100%; orphans: 0; widows: 0;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Principle of Measurement:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;The principle is based on dissociation of molecules, atomization and ionization of the elements present in a solution and injected into a &quot;Plasma&quot; source of argon at 6000-8000 °K and atmospheric pressure. After the formation of an ion beam via the interface (sampler and skimmer cones) during a progressive transition to a secondary vacuum, a Quadrupole separates the isotopes or ions at low resolution according the m/z ratio. The ions/isotopes are then detected by a discrete-dynode electron multiplier. The precise quantification of the contents of major and / or trace elements is obtained after calibration of the instrumentation (standard solutions known or certified). Depending on the matrix or nature of the samples analyzed, the elements studied and the degree of precision sought, different calibration methods are used (standard calibration curves, standard addition or matrix&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt; recomposition&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; methods, “bracketing” approach).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;Other informations &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Nebulizers&amp;nbsp;: PFA 20, 50 or 100 µL/min&amp;nbsp;; quartz 1 mL/mn (solutions);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Quartz micro-cyclonic spray chamber or conic chamber with impact bead (solutions);&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Desolvating systems APEX HF (2 à 10-fold more sensitive, solutions)&amp;nbsp;;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Ablation laser Excimer ESI – NWR 193 nm (in-situ analysis, aerosols from solid materials).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.42cm; line-height: 100%; orphans: 0; widows: 0;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1a1a1a; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Measurements performed by ICP-QMS:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Quantification of major and/or trace elements in waters, soils, rocks, carbonates (erosion / transfer of particles) ;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Relative measurement of Pb isotopes (source tracing) ;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Quantification of majors (Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca) and trace elements (Li/Mg; B/Ca; Ba/Ca, U/Ca, REE, etc.) present in carbonates like corals or speleothems (paleoceanography / climatology / carbon cycle) ;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Quantification of rare earths and other elements present as ultra-traces in seawater or sediments (characterization of materials or processes) ;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Relative measurement of U and Th isotopes for U-Th dating of corals, speleothems, teeth.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&quot;western&quot; lang=&quot;fr-FR&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.35cm; line-height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Contacts:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Delphine Thomas : &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:delphine.thomas@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;delphine.thomas[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:Louise.Bordier@lsce.ipsl.xn--fr-qia&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 01 69 08 33 77&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Sophie Ayrault : &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:sophie.ayrault@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;sophie.ayrault[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:Sophie.Ayrault@lsce.ipsl.xn--fr-qia&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 01 69 08 40 71&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Eric Douville : &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:eric.douville@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;eric.douville[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:Eric.Douville@lsce.ipsl.xn--fr-qia&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 01 69 08 22 57&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</content>
		<category term="Quantitative analysis of major and trace elements in various materials (waters, carbonates, sediments, rocks, etc). Pb isotope measurements and U / Th dating (carbonates-apatites)" />
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>14C dating ECHoMICADAS  </title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/176-record-27-14c-dating-echomicadas"/>
		<published>2015-12-07T08:53:00+00:00</published>
		<updated>2015-12-07T08:53:00+00:00</updated>
		<id>https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/176-record-27-14c-dating-echomicadas</id>
		<author>
			<name>cyril lemaire</name>
		</author>
		<summary type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; color: #003366;&quot;&gt;ECHoMICADAS - Environnement Climat et Homme « Micro Carbon Dating System »&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:Nadine.Tisnerat@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/figure_27_b.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;figure 27 b&quot; width=&quot;422&quot; height=&quot;281&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;ECHoMICADAS (Environment, Climate, Human, Micro CArbon DAting System) is an accelerator low energy coupled with an ultra-compacted mass spectrometer, allowing to analyze high precision isotopic 14C/12C ratios for gas or graphite samples. This instrument is dedicated to research activities, development and training, in geochemical and geochronological 14C activities, especially in environmental and human sciences.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;ECHoMICADAS has been acquired in partnership with three laboratories&amp;nbsp;: Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (LSCE/IPSL), Laboratoire Géosciences Paris-Sud (GEOPS/IPSL) and the UMR 7209 « Archéozoologie Archéobotanique: sociétés, pratiques et environnements&amp;nbsp;». It is financed by the DIM Analytics (Région île de France), FEDER, BNP Paribas, Labex BCDiv and the administrative authorities of the laboratories (CEA, CNRS, MNHN, Paris XI).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;The three associated research laboratories have the expertise to process all types of samples. They use extraction lines to convert the carbon of a sample in CO2 and reduction lines to graphitize these samples.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Contacts:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;LSCE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Christine Hatté 01 69 08 00 52 - &lt;span id=&quot;cloak753ce82eae832922bde8fddd08027409&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:christine.hatte@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;christine.hatte[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Nadine Tisnérat-Laborde 01 69 08 04 21 - &lt;span id=&quot;cloakb3bd1671376aaa3fe8db5ab2cdcdf89e&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:nadine.tisnerat@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;nadine.tisnerat[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;François Thil 01 69 08 04 22 / 01 69 08 38 70 - &lt;span id=&quot;cloakf950b00b51fdf41aca9a1ceb1b12b7d4&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:fthil@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;fthil[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;GEOPS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Marc Massault 01.69.15.49.18 - &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:marc.massault@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;marc.massault[a]universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Giuseppe Siani 01.69.15.67.89 – &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:giuseppe.siani@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;giuseppe.siani[a]universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;UMR 7209&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Antoine Zazzo 01.40.79.33.13 - &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:antoine.zazzo@mnhn.fr&quot;&gt;antoine.zazzo@mnhn.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Olivier Tombret 01.40.79.46.82 - &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:otombret@mnhn.fr&quot;&gt;otombret@mnhn.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
		<content type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; color: #003366;&quot;&gt;ECHoMICADAS - Environnement Climat et Homme « Micro Carbon Dating System »&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:Nadine.Tisnerat@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/figure_27_b.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;figure 27 b&quot; width=&quot;422&quot; height=&quot;281&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;ECHoMICADAS (Environment, Climate, Human, Micro CArbon DAting System) is an accelerator low energy coupled with an ultra-compacted mass spectrometer, allowing to analyze high precision isotopic 14C/12C ratios for gas or graphite samples. This instrument is dedicated to research activities, development and training, in geochemical and geochronological 14C activities, especially in environmental and human sciences.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;ECHoMICADAS has been acquired in partnership with three laboratories&amp;nbsp;: Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (LSCE/IPSL), Laboratoire Géosciences Paris-Sud (GEOPS/IPSL) and the UMR 7209 « Archéozoologie Archéobotanique: sociétés, pratiques et environnements&amp;nbsp;». It is financed by the DIM Analytics (Région île de France), FEDER, BNP Paribas, Labex BCDiv and the administrative authorities of the laboratories (CEA, CNRS, MNHN, Paris XI).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;The three associated research laboratories have the expertise to process all types of samples. They use extraction lines to convert the carbon of a sample in CO2 and reduction lines to graphitize these samples.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Contacts:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;LSCE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Christine Hatté 01 69 08 00 52 - &lt;span id=&quot;cloak753ce82eae832922bde8fddd08027409&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:christine.hatte@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;christine.hatte[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Nadine Tisnérat-Laborde 01 69 08 04 21 - &lt;span id=&quot;cloakb3bd1671376aaa3fe8db5ab2cdcdf89e&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:nadine.tisnerat@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;nadine.tisnerat[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;François Thil 01 69 08 04 22 / 01 69 08 38 70 - &lt;span id=&quot;cloakf950b00b51fdf41aca9a1ceb1b12b7d4&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:fthil@lsce.ipsl.fr&quot;&gt;fthil[a]lsce.ipsl.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;GEOPS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Marc Massault 01.69.15.49.18 - &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:marc.massault@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;marc.massault[a]universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Giuseppe Siani 01.69.15.67.89 – &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:giuseppe.siani@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;giuseppe.siani[a]universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;UMR 7209&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Antoine Zazzo 01.40.79.33.13 - &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:antoine.zazzo@mnhn.fr&quot;&gt;antoine.zazzo@mnhn.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Olivier Tombret 01.40.79.46.82 - &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:otombret@mnhn.fr&quot;&gt;otombret@mnhn.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content>
		<category term="14C dating ECHoMICADAS  " />
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>X-ray diffractometry</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/142-record-38-mineralogical-analyses-by-xr-diffraction"/>
		<published>2015-12-07T11:38:37+00:00</published>
		<updated>2015-12-07T11:38:37+00:00</updated>
		<id>https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/142-record-38-mineralogical-analyses-by-xr-diffraction</id>
		<author>
			<name>cyril lemaire</name>
		</author>
		<summary type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Calibri', 'sans-serif';&quot;&gt;D8 - Advance diffractometer (Bruker)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/DRX1.png&quot; alt=&quot;DRX1&quot; width=&quot;595&quot; height=&quot;410&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;The platform is equipped with a D8 - Advance diffractometer (Bruker) dedicated to phase identification in polycrystalline samples.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Special features&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Sealed tube with Cu anode&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Bragg-Brentano geometry for powder reflection analysis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Programmable divergence slits&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Sollers slits&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Automatic motorized anti-diffusion knife&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Spinner&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;60-position autosampler&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Parallel beam geometry with Goebel mirror and collimators for reflection micro-diffraction analysis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Collimators for micro-diffraction (sizes available: 500 µm, 300 µm, 100 µm)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Multimode detector Eiger2 R (500 x 1000 pixels) (Dectris Ltd.)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Motorized X,Y,Z stage and localization camera&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;ICDD/PDF-4+, Diffract.EVA, Diffract.TOPAS licenses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Application on powders&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/DRX2.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;DRX2&quot; width=&quot;362&quot; height=&quot;362&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Bragg-Brentano geometry with anti-diffusion knife and autosampler, detector mainly used in 1D mode.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;This configuration enables phase identification and semi-quantitative analysis of large sample series, on:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Slides after specific treatment (ethylene glycol, heating) for clay phases characterization&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Conventional sample holders for large quantities of powders&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Single-crystal silicon holders for micro-quantities.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1a1a1a; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Applications in micro-diffractometry&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/DRX3.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;DRX3&quot; width=&quot;427&quot; height=&quot;368&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Parallel beam geometry with collimator, motorized stage, location camera, detector used in 1D or 2D mode.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;The detector can be positioned vertically or horizontally (maximum gamma aperture of 30°), and works even with large, oriented crystallites. The motorized stage coupled to the localization camera allows the acquisition of spots, transects or maps of objects precisely located in the sample.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;User chart&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #1a1a1a; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;By using this instrument, the user undertakes to respect the general principles of fair use/re-use of data (ERIC DARIAH Data Re-use Charter). Intellectual property rights to results obtained on samples entrusted to the platform by an academic organization, and not involving any inventive activity on its part, remain with that organization. Users must adhere to the terms of DARIAH, in particular:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #1a1a1a; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;A single citation format for the use of data (article, book or symposium/conference), which may only be used with the explicit agreement of all participants in the work, and must include an exhaustive list of authors. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;The data produced will be made available to the scientific community, if they have not been used after 5 years.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Funding&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;This instrument has been co-financed by the Ile-de-France Region as part of the &quot;Natural Heritage&quot; major area of interest (DIM MAP).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/DIM.png&quot; alt=&quot;DIM&quot; width=&quot;136&quot; height=&quot;161&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contacts&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Julius NOUET – 01 69 15 61 21 – &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:julius.nouet@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;julius.nouet[a]universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Amélie PLAUTRE – 01 69 15 61 27 – &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:amelie.plautre@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;amelie.plautre[a]universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
		<content type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Calibri', 'sans-serif';&quot;&gt;D8 - Advance diffractometer (Bruker)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/DRX1.png&quot; alt=&quot;DRX1&quot; width=&quot;595&quot; height=&quot;410&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;The platform is equipped with a D8 - Advance diffractometer (Bruker) dedicated to phase identification in polycrystalline samples.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Special features&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Sealed tube with Cu anode&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Bragg-Brentano geometry for powder reflection analysis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Programmable divergence slits&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Sollers slits&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Automatic motorized anti-diffusion knife&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Spinner&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;60-position autosampler&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Parallel beam geometry with Goebel mirror and collimators for reflection micro-diffraction analysis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Collimators for micro-diffraction (sizes available: 500 µm, 300 µm, 100 µm)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Multimode detector Eiger2 R (500 x 1000 pixels) (Dectris Ltd.)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Motorized X,Y,Z stage and localization camera&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;ICDD/PDF-4+, Diffract.EVA, Diffract.TOPAS licenses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Application on powders&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/DRX2.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;DRX2&quot; width=&quot;362&quot; height=&quot;362&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Bragg-Brentano geometry with anti-diffusion knife and autosampler, detector mainly used in 1D mode.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;This configuration enables phase identification and semi-quantitative analysis of large sample series, on:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Slides after specific treatment (ethylene glycol, heating) for clay phases characterization&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Conventional sample holders for large quantities of powders&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Single-crystal silicon holders for micro-quantities.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1a1a1a; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Applications in micro-diffractometry&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/DRX3.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;DRX3&quot; width=&quot;427&quot; height=&quot;368&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Parallel beam geometry with collimator, motorized stage, location camera, detector used in 1D or 2D mode.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;The detector can be positioned vertically or horizontally (maximum gamma aperture of 30°), and works even with large, oriented crystallites. The motorized stage coupled to the localization camera allows the acquisition of spots, transects or maps of objects precisely located in the sample.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;User chart&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #1a1a1a; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;By using this instrument, the user undertakes to respect the general principles of fair use/re-use of data (ERIC DARIAH Data Re-use Charter). Intellectual property rights to results obtained on samples entrusted to the platform by an academic organization, and not involving any inventive activity on its part, remain with that organization. Users must adhere to the terms of DARIAH, in particular:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #1a1a1a; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;A single citation format for the use of data (article, book or symposium/conference), which may only be used with the explicit agreement of all participants in the work, and must include an exhaustive list of authors. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;The data produced will be made available to the scientific community, if they have not been used after 5 years.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Funding&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;This instrument has been co-financed by the Ile-de-France Region as part of the &quot;Natural Heritage&quot; major area of interest (DIM MAP).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/DIM.png&quot; alt=&quot;DIM&quot; width=&quot;136&quot; height=&quot;161&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contacts&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Julius NOUET – 01 69 15 61 21 – &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:julius.nouet@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;julius.nouet[a]universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #1a1a1a;&quot;&gt;Amélie PLAUTRE – 01 69 15 61 27 – &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:amelie.plautre@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;amelie.plautre[a]universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content>
		<category term="X-ray diffractometry" />
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Optical Microscopes</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/107-record-40-optical-microscopes"/>
		<published>2015-12-10T08:17:45+00:00</published>
		<updated>2015-12-10T08:17:45+00:00</updated>
		<id>https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/107-record-40-optical-microscopes</id>
		<author>
			<name>cyril lemaire</name>
		</author>
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/Figure_40.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Figure 40&quot; width=&quot;402&quot; height=&quot;343&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Device description:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Several optical microscopes are available at GEOPS for petrogtraphy: 3 microscopes LEICA DM750P and one Olympus AH-2. These microscopes allow observations at variable maginfications including 25 (2,5 x 10) and 400 (40 x 10). These microscopes are connected to cameras.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Principle of the analyse:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;The lecture proposed by Michel Dubois (University of Lille 1) on petrography and mineralogy represents a good introduction.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cours-geosciences.univ-lille1.fr/cours/cours_mineralogie/menu_module/index_bas.htm&quot;&gt;http://cours-geosciences.univ-lille1.fr/cours/cours_mineralogie/menu_module/index_bas.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Performed analyses:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;It is possible to determine the nature of minerals, texture, properties, … These observations are critical to determine a paragenesis and represent the first step for further analyses: scanning electron microscope, electron microprobe, laser ablation ICP-MS, …&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contacts :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Jocelyn BARBARAND – &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:jocelyn.barbarand@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;jocelyn.barbarand@universite-paris-saclay.fr &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Benjamin BRIGAUD – &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:benjamin.brigaud@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;benjamin.brigaud@universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
		<content type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/Figure_40.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Figure 40&quot; width=&quot;402&quot; height=&quot;343&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Device description:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Several optical microscopes are available at GEOPS for petrogtraphy: 3 microscopes LEICA DM750P and one Olympus AH-2. These microscopes allow observations at variable maginfications including 25 (2,5 x 10) and 400 (40 x 10). These microscopes are connected to cameras.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Principle of the analyse:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;The lecture proposed by Michel Dubois (University of Lille 1) on petrography and mineralogy represents a good introduction.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://cours-geosciences.univ-lille1.fr/cours/cours_mineralogie/menu_module/index_bas.htm&quot;&gt;http://cours-geosciences.univ-lille1.fr/cours/cours_mineralogie/menu_module/index_bas.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Performed analyses:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;It is possible to determine the nature of minerals, texture, properties, … These observations are critical to determine a paragenesis and represent the first step for further analyses: scanning electron microscope, electron microprobe, laser ablation ICP-MS, …&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contacts :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Jocelyn BARBARAND – &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:jocelyn.barbarand@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;jocelyn.barbarand@universite-paris-saclay.fr &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Benjamin BRIGAUD – &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:benjamin.brigaud@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;benjamin.brigaud@universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content>
		<category term="Optical Microscopes" />
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Cathodoluminescence petrography</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/143-record-41-cathodoluminescence-petrography"/>
		<published>2015-12-10T08:17:55+00:00</published>
		<updated>2015-12-10T08:17:55+00:00</updated>
		<id>https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/index.php/en/all-analyses/143-record-41-cathodoluminescence-petrography</id>
		<author>
			<name>cyril lemaire</name>
		</author>
		<summary type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #003366; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cathodoluminescence microscopy&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/Figure_41.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Figure 41&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Device description:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;The device operated at GEOPS is a cold-cathode OPEA system coupled to an Olympus BX41-P microscope and a Qimaging – Qicam Fast 1394 camera.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Cathodoluminescence represents a property of material including minerals to emit photons in the visible range when bomdarded by primary electrons. This property might use to identify the mineralogy, to determine different generations or different phases in geological samples including limestones, sandstones, speleothems, bivalve shells. Crystalline growth bands might be observed for different minerals (calcite, quartz, fluorite…). This method represents a classical tool used in petrography to realize paragenesis (i.e. cement stratigraphy) at the scale of the sample or on a broader scale.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Principle of the analysis&amp;nbsp;:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Applicationsfor sedimentary rocks are summarized in Richter et al. (2003).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Richter D. K., Th. Götte, J. Götze, et R. D. Neuser (2003) Progress in application of cathodoluminescence (CL) in sedimentary petrology. Mineralogy and Petrology 79, 127–166. DOI 10.1007/s00710-003-0237-4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Performed analyses:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Main elements linked to cathodoluminescence are the rare earth elements or the Mn/Fe ratio. Intrinsic luminescence may also be observed and is related to defects and crystallography.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contacts:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Jocelyn BARBARAND – 01.69.15.67.88 - &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:jocelyn.barbarand@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;jocelyn.barbarand[a]universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Benjamin BRIGAUD – 01.69.15.49.12 - &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:benjamin.brigaud@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;benjamin.brigaud[a]universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</summary>
		<content type="html">&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #003366; font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cathodoluminescence microscopy&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://panoply-geops.lsce.ipsl.fr/images/Figure_41.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Figure 41&quot; style=&quot;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Device description:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;The device operated at GEOPS is a cold-cathode OPEA system coupled to an Olympus BX41-P microscope and a Qimaging – Qicam Fast 1394 camera.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Cathodoluminescence represents a property of material including minerals to emit photons in the visible range when bomdarded by primary electrons. This property might use to identify the mineralogy, to determine different generations or different phases in geological samples including limestones, sandstones, speleothems, bivalve shells. Crystalline growth bands might be observed for different minerals (calcite, quartz, fluorite…). This method represents a classical tool used in petrography to realize paragenesis (i.e. cement stratigraphy) at the scale of the sample or on a broader scale.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Principle of the analysis&amp;nbsp;:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Applicationsfor sedimentary rocks are summarized in Richter et al. (2003).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Richter D. K., Th. Götte, J. Götze, et R. D. Neuser (2003) Progress in application of cathodoluminescence (CL) in sedimentary petrology. Mineralogy and Petrology 79, 127–166. DOI 10.1007/s00710-003-0237-4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Performed analyses:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Main elements linked to cathodoluminescence are the rare earth elements or the Mn/Fe ratio. Intrinsic luminescence may also be observed and is related to defects and crystallography.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contacts:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Jocelyn BARBARAND – 01.69.15.67.88 - &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:jocelyn.barbarand@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;jocelyn.barbarand[a]universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Benjamin BRIGAUD – 01.69.15.49.12 - &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:benjamin.brigaud@universite-paris-saclay.fr&quot;&gt;benjamin.brigaud[a]universite-paris-saclay.fr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</content>
		<category term="Cathodoluminescence petrography" />
	</entry>
</feed>
